benefin (Balan)
Lettuce only, direct-seeded and transplanted
Rate 1.2 to 1.5 lb ai/a (2 to 2.5 lb/a Balan)
Time Apply from 10 weeks to just before planting; incorporate within 8 hr by cross-disking or with a power-takeoff rotary tiller.
Remarks May apply through center-pivot and lateral-move irrigation systems. Spray only once; avoid overlapping. See label about planting sensitive crops within 10 to 12 months. Control is poor for many broadleaf weeds. Inhibits mitosis in shoots and roots.
Site of action Group 3: microtubule assembly inhibitor
Chemical family Dinitroaniline
bensulide (Prefar 4E)
Lettuce, endive, fennel, parsley, red chicory (radicchio) only; will severely injure spinach, New Zealand spinach, and Swiss chard
Rate 5 to 6 lb ai/a (5 to 6 quarts/a Prefar 4E)
Time Preplant or postplant surface
Crops Lettuce and other leafy vegetables including but not limited to arugula, brassica leafy vegetables (see label), cardoon, celery, chicory, Chinese celery, chervil, cress, dock, endive, Florence fennel, and parsley. Do not use on spinach or Swiss chard.
Remarks Incorporate before planting in top 1 to 2 inches of soil by cross-disking or using a power take-off rotary tiller; or apply preemergence soon after planting, before crop and weeds begin germination, and activate with 1 inch overhead moisture. Sometimes the first flush of weeds must be controlled with cultivation before herbicide begins to control grass. See label for planting sensitive crops after treatment. Inhibits roots of seedlings.
Caution Do not apply more than once per year. Primarily a grass herbicide. Does not control hairy or black nightshade. Do not chemigate.
Site of action Group 8: lipid synthesis inhibitor but not an ACCase inhibitor
Chemical family Organophosphorus
Clomazone (Command 3ME)
Cilantro and dill weed
Rate 10.7 fl oz/a Command 3ME Microencapsulated Herbicide (0.25 lb ai/a clomazone)
Time Broadcast treatment after seeding and prior to crop and weed emergence.
Remarks Make application at least 50 days prior to harvest. Do not apply more than 10.7 fl oz Command 3ME Microencapsulated Herbicide (0.25 lb ai clomazone) per acre per application. Do not make more than one application per year.
Rotational cropping precautions: all crops can be planted at 16 months after application. Other restrictions depend on crop, rate, region, and soil pH. Small grain cereals and corn may be sensitive to carryover residues in the fall and the spring, respectively. Cover crops may be planted anytime but stand reductions may occur in some areas. However, do not graze or harvest cover crops for food or feed planted less than 9 months after applications.
Caution Do not apply more than 10.7 fl oz Command 3ME Microencapsulated Herbicide (0.25 lb. ai clomazone) per acre per year.
cycloate (Ro-Neet)
Spinach only
Rate 2 to 3 lb ai/a (2.7 to 4 pints/a Ro-Neet)
Time Apply preplant to soil dry enough for thorough mixing; incorporate 2 to 3 inches deep immediately by cross-disking or using a rotary tiller within minutes after application.
Remarks Use on mineral soils only. Seed may be planted immediately after incorporation. Inhibits shoot growth. SLN labels OR-140010 and WA-210008.
Caution Preharvest interval is 45 days.
Site of action Group 8: lipid synthesis inhibitor but not an ACCase inhibitor
Chemical family Thiocarbamate
pronamide (Kerb 50W and SC)
Head and leaf lettuce, endive, escarole and radicchio greens, direct-seeded and transplant
Rate 1 to 2 lb ai/a (2 to 4 lb/a Kerb 50W; and 2.5 to 5 pints/a Kerb SC) depending on soil type and dependability of rainfall or irrigation.
Time Apply preplant and incorporate thoroughly 2 to 3 inches deep, or apply preemergence at or soon after planting, and activate with surface moisture to reduce loss of herbicide.
Remarks See label for some sensitive varieties and for planting sensitive crops within 12 months. Do not apply more than 1.5 lb ai/a on val temp, grande verde and prima verde varieties of crisp head lettuce, or on endive, escarole and radicchio greens. Kerb may degrade quickly if left exposed on the soil surface in warm weather. If applied when air temperatures exceed 85°F, the treatment must be soil incorporated to a shallow depth (top two to three inches) or watered into the soil as soon as possible.
Caution Restricted-use herbicide. Preharvest interval is 55 days. Crop rotation interval before planting cereals is 180 days.
Site of action Group 15: inhibits very long chain fatty acid synthesis
Chemical family Chloroacetamide
trifluralin (Treflan HFP, Trust, Trifluralin 10G and others)
Cichorium endiva or intybus (chicory, endive, Belgian endive, escarole, radicchio)
Rate 0.5 to 1 lb ai/a (1 to 2 pints/a Treflan HFP) depending on soil type and organic matter content.
Time Apply preplant and incorporate in top 1 to 2 inches of soil by cross-disking or using a power take-off rotary tiller.
Caution Consult label for lengthy crop rotation restrictions when using this product.
Site of action Group 3: microtubule assembly inhibitor
Chemical family Dinitroaniline