Proven Hosts Regulated for Phytophthora ramorum |
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Regulated plants are those adapted from other regulated lists or were added upon completion, documentation and review of traditional Koch’s postulates. Some are regulated in part (such as redwood and Douglas fir), others are regulated in their entirety (such as tanoak and western star flower) |
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Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Acer macrophyllum |
Bigleaf maple |
Acer pseudoplatanus* |
Planetree maple |
Adiantum aleuticum |
Western maidenhair fern |
Adiantum jordanii |
California maidenhair fern |
Aesculus californica |
California buckeye |
Aesculus hippocastanum* |
Horse-chestnut |
Arbutus menziesii |
Madrone |
Arctostaphylos manzanita |
Manzanita |
Calluna vulgaris |
Scotch heather |
Camellia spp. |
Camellia – all species, hybrids and cultivars |
Castanea sativa |
Sweet chestnut |
Cinnamomum camphora* |
Camphor tree |
Fagus sylvatica* |
European beech |
Frangula californica (=Rhamnus californica) |
California coffeeberry |
Frangula purshiana (=Rhamnus purshiana) |
Cascara |
Fraxinus excelsior |
European ash |
Griselinia littoralis |
Griselinia |
Hamamelis virginiana |
Witch hazel |
Heteromeles arbutifolia |
Toyon |
Kalmia spp. |
Mountain laurel – all species, cultivars & hybrids |
Laurus nobilis |
Bay laurel |
Lonicera hispidula |
California honeysuckle |
Magnolia doltsopa (=Michelia doltsopa) |
Michelia |
Maianthemum racemosum (=Smilacina racemosa) |
False Soloman’s seal |
Notholithocarpus densiflorus* |
Tanoak |
Parrotia persica |
Persian ironwood |
Photinia fraseri |
Red tip photinia |
Pieris spp. |
Andromeda, Pieris – all species, hybrids and cultivars |
Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesi |
Douglas-fir Also includes all other varieties and cultivars of nursery grown P. menziesii |
Quercus agrifolia* |
Coast live oak |
Quercus cerris* |
European turkey oak |
Quercus chrysolepis* |
Canyon live oak |
Quercus falcata* |
Southern red oak |
Quercus ilex |
Holm oak |
Quercus kelloggii* |
California black oak |
Quercus parvula v. shrevei* |
Shreve’s oak Also includes all other varieties and cultivars of nursery grown Q. parvula |
Rhododendron spp. |
Rhododendron & Azalea – all species, hybrids and cultivars |
Rosa gymnocarpa |
Wood rose |
Salix caprea |
Goat willow |
Sequoia sempervirens |
Coast redwood |
Syringa vulgaris |
Lilac |
Taxus baccata |
European yew |
Trientalis latifolia |
Western starflower |
Umbellularia californica |
California bay laurel, pepperwood, Oregon myrtle |
Vaccinium ovatum |
Evergreen huckleberry |
Viburnum spp. |
Viburnum – All species, hybrids and cultivars |
* Unmanufactured wood and wood products, including firewood, logs, and lumber of species listed are regulated. Current list: www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/pram/downloads/pdf_files... |
Plants Associated with Phytophthora ramorum |
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Regulated as nursery stock. Associated plants are those found naturally infected from which P. ramorum has been cultured and/or detected using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). For each of these, traditional Koch’s postulates have not yet been completed or documented and reviewed. Though not regulated and not requiring certification under P. ramorum regulations, these plants will be inspected in nurseries and Christmas tree plantations and, if symptoms observed, held from sale pending testing. |
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Scientific Name |
Common Name, Date & *Source of Report |
Abies concolor |
White fir – Oct 051 |
Abies grandis |
Grand fir – June 031 |
Abies magnifica |
Red fir – Jan 067 |
Acer circinatum |
Vine maple – Feb 065 |
Acer davidii |
Striped bark maple – Jan 069 |
Acer laevigatum |
Evergreen maple – Aug 053 |
Arbutus unedo |
Strawberry tree – Dec 027 |
Arctostaphylos columbiana |
Manzanita – Feb 065 |
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi |
Kinnikinnick, bearberry – Jan 0710 |
Ardisia japonica |
Ardisia – Jan 069 |
Berberis diversifolia (=Mahonia aquifolium) |
Oregon grape – Aug 079 |
Calycanthus occidentalis |
Spicebush – May 055 |
Castanopsis orthacantha |
Castanopsis – Aug 063 |
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus |
Blueblossom – Apr 065 |
Cercis chinensis |
Chinese redbud – April 089 |
Choisya ternate |
Mexican orange – Jan 093 |
Clintonia andrewsiana |
Andrew’s clintonia bead lily – May 045 |
Cornus kousa |
Kousa dogwood – Sept 089 |
Cornus kousa x Cornus capitata |
Cornus Norman Haddon – Aug 063 |
Corylopsis spicata |
Spike witch hazel – Nov 079 |
Corylus cornuta |
California hazelnut – Dec 025 |
Daphniphyllum glaucescens |
Feb 099 |
Distylium myricoides |
Myrtle-leafed Distylium – Jul 069 |
Drimys winteri |
Winter’s bark – July 043 |
Dryopteris arguta |
California wood fern – May 045 |
Eucalytus haemastoma |
Scribbly gum – Aug 063 |
Euonymus kiautschovicus |
Spreading euonymus – Jan 069 |
Fraxinus latifolia |
Oregon ash – Aug 055 |
Garrya elliptica |
Silk tassel tree, coast silktassel – Aug 073 |
Gaultheria procumbens |
Eastern Teaberry |
Gaultheria shallon |
Salal, Oregon wintergreen – Jan 069 |
Hamamelis x intermedia (H. mollis & H. japonica) |
Hybrid witchhazel – Jan 069 |
Hamamelis mollis |
Chinese witchhazel – Jan 053 |
Ilex aquifolium |
European Holly – Apr 093 |
Ilex cornuta |
Buford holly, Chinese holly – Apr 0911 |
Ilex purpurea |
Oriental holly – Jul 069 |
Illicium parviflorum |
Yellow anise13 |
Larix kaempferi |
Japanese larch – Aug 093 and July 1012 |
Leucothoe axillaris |
Fetterbush, dog hobble – Jan 069 |
Leucothoe fontanesiana |
Drooping leucothoe – Oct 033 |
Lithocarpus glaber |
Japanese oak – Apr 093 |
Loropetalum chinense |
Loropetalum – Jul 069 |
Magnolia cavalieri |
Michelia – Apr 099 |
Magnolia denudata |
Lily tree – Dec 103 |
Magnolia denudata x salicifolia |
Magnolia – Feb 083 |
Magnolia ernestii (= Michelia wilsonii) |
Michelia – Jan 069 |
Magnolia figo |
Banana shrub – April 081 |
Magnolia foveolata |
Michelia – Apr 099 |
Magnolia grandiflora |
Southern magnolia – Jan 069 |
Magnolia kobus |
Kobus magnolia – Feb 089 |
Magnolia liliiflora (= Magnolia quinquepeta) |
Purple magnolia – Feb 083 |
Magnolia x loebneri |
Loebner magnolia – Jan 053 |
Magnolia maudiae (= Michelia maudiae) |
Michelia – Jan 069 |
Magnolia salicifolia (= Magnolia proctoriana) |
Anise magnolia – Feb 083 |
Magnolia x soulangeana |
Saucer magnolia – Jan 053 |
Magnolia stellata |
Star magnolia – Jan 053 |
Magnolia x thompsoniana (M. tripetala and M. virginiana) |
Magnolia – Feb 083 |
Mahonia nervosa |
Creeping Oregon grape – May 1010 |
Molinadendron sinaloense |
Unknown – Aug 111 |
Manglietia insignis |
Red lotus tree – Aug 069 |
Nerium oleander |
Oleander – Jan 061 |
Nothofagus obliqua |
Roble beech – Dec 043 |
Osmanthus decorus (=Phillyrea decora; =P. vilmoriniana) |
Osmanthus – Jun 069 |
Osmanthus delavayi |
Delavay Osmanthus, Delavay tea olive – Jan 0710 |
Osmanthus fragans |
Sweet olive – Jun 061 |
Osmanthus heterophyllus |
Holly olive – Jun 061 |
Osmorhiza berteroi |
Sweet Cicely – Aug 055 |
Parakmeria lotungensis |
Eastern joy lotus tree – Jul 069 |
Physocarpus opulifolius |
Ninebark – Oct 079 |
Pittosporum undulatum |
Victorian box – Dec 026 |
Prunus laurocerasus |
English laurel, Cherry laurel – Jan 079 |
Prunus lusitanica |
Portuguese cherry laurel – Jan 069 |
Pyracantha koidzumii |
Formosa firethorn – Apr 049 |
Quercus acuta |
Japanese evergreen oak – May 063 |
Quercus petraea |
Sessile oak – Aug 053 |
Quercus rubra |
Northern red oak – Nov 038 |
Ribes laurifolium |
Bayleaf currant – Jan 093 |
Rosa rugosa |
Rugosa rose – Jan 069 |
Rosa (specific cultivars) |
Royal Bonica (MEImodac), Pink Meidiland (MEIpoque) & Pink Sevillana (MEIgeroka) – Jan 069 |
Rubus spectabilis |
Salmonberry – Dec 024 |
Schima wallichil |
Chinese guger tree, needlewood – Nov 063 |
Taxus brevifolia |
Pacific yew – May 035 |
Taxus x media |
Yew – Jun 058 |
Torreya californica |
California nutmeg – Aug 055 |
Toxicodendron diversilobum |
Poison oak – Dec 024 |
Trachelospermum jasminoides |
Star jasmine, Confederate jasmine – May 102 , June 101 |
Vancouveria planipetala |
Redwood ivy – Aug 055 |
Vaccinium myrtilus |
Bilberry – Feb 093 |
Vaccinium vitis-idaea |
Cowberry, Lingonberry, Mountain cranberry – Apr 093 |
Veronica spicata Syn. Pseudolysimachion spicatum |
Spiked speedwell – June 101 |
*Source of Report 1 California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA 2 Oregon Department of Agriculture, Salem, OR 3 Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs, UK 4 Everett Hanson, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 5 David Rizzo, University of California – Davis, CA 6 Mateo Garbelotto, University of California – Berkeley, CA 7 Gary Chastagner, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA 8 Plant Protection Service, Wageningen, Netherlands 9 Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada 10 Washington State Department of Agriculture, Olympia, WA 11 Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 12 Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ireland 13 Alabama Department of Agriculture and Plant Industry |