napropamide (Devrinol DF-XT, Devrinol 2-XT)
Rate 4 lb ai/A (8 lb/A Devrinol DF-XT, 8 quarts/A Devrinol 2-XT)
Time Apply fall through spring, before weeds germinate, or apply foliar-active herbicide to control existing weeds.
Remarks Irrigation or shallow incorporation is recommended following treatments made November through February if no rain falls within 2 weeks of application. If applied March through October, irrigate within 24 hours to wet soil 2 to 4 inches deep. Shallow mechanical incorporation seems to enhance activity. Performance is reduced with excessive plant residue on soil surface.
Caution Do not apply within 35 days of harvest.
Site of action Group 15: inhibits very long chain fatty acid synthesis
Chemical family Acetamide
oryzalin (Surflan A.S. or Oryzalin 4 A.S.)
Rate 2 to 6 lb ai/A (2 to 6 quarts product/A)
Time Apply late fall or early spring to bare soil or after existing vegetation has been destroyed by tillage or by using a foliar-active herbicide.
Remarks For longer residual control use higher rates, or split treatments and apply in fall and spring. Irrigate with at least 0.5 inch of water or rain to activate herbicide. Shallow cultivation can control newly germinated weeds without reducing herbicide activity.
Caution Do not use on soils with more than 5% organic matter. Wait 24 months before planting vegetables after kiwi.
Site of action Group 3: microtubule assembly inhibitor
Chemical family Dinitroaniline
pendimethalin (Satellite HydroCap)
Rate 3 to 4 lb ai/A (3.2 to 4.2 quarts/A Satellite HydroCap)
Time Apply to weed-free soil any time after fall harvest, during winter dormancy, and in the spring.
Remarks Most effective if rain or irrigation incorporates herbicide into weed emergence zone. Preharvest interval is 60 days.
Caution Contact with leaves, buds, or fruit by the spray mixture may cause injury.
Site of action Group 3: microtubule assembly inhibitor
Chemical family Dinitroaniline
sulfentrazone (Sulfentrazone 4SC)
Rate 0.125 to 0.375 lb ai/A (4 to 12 fl oz/A Sulfentrazone 4SC)
Time Apply to bare soil in fall through spring, before weeds emerge.
Remarks Apply only to plants that have been in the ground at least 1 year. Apply to moist soil. Herbicide requires a minimum of 0.5 of water within two weeks of application to activate. If weeds are present at time of application, tank mix with a burndown herbicide. Preharvest interval is 3 days.
Caution Do not apply to frozen ground. Avoid direct or indirect contact with stems or foliage, particularly new emerging shoots from the crown. Do not apply more than 12 fl oz/A product (0.375 lb ai/A) per season. Do not tank mix with other Group 14 herbicides. Do not apply after petal fall unless using a hooded or shielded sprayer to avoid contact with foliage and fruit.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family Triazinone