flazasulfuron (Mission)
Oregon and Washington only
Rate 0.033 to 0.045 lb ai/a (2.14 to 2.85 oz/a)
Time Pre- and postemergent to broadleaf and grass weeds up to 4 inches tall, and before grasses tiller.
Remarks Apply as a directed spray to the soil beneath the vines to prevent injury to the foliage and bark of young vines. Must be activated with rainfall or irrigation of 0.25 to 0.5 inch for preemergence control; preemergence efficacy will be best if applied to bare soil. Do not disturb the soil after activation. Use an adjuvant for postemergent applications. Apply only to vines 3 years old or older. Protective sleeves are required for third year vines. If weeds are present, tank mix glyphosate or glufosinate to improve burndown and broaden weed control spectrum. Controls many grasses and broadleaf weeds, including annual ryegrass, common mallow, clover, and willowherb. Reentry interval is 12 hours.
Caution Do not apply more than 2 applications at 2.85 oz/a per year. Preharvest interval is 75 days. Minimum retreatment interval (RTI) is 3 months. A 25-foot buffer must be maintained between the point of direct application and the closest downwind edge of sensitive terrestrial habitats (forested areas, riparian areas), freshwater habitats (lakes, rivers, sloughs), and estuarine/marine habitats.
Site of action Group 2.
Chemical family Sulfonylurea
flumioxazin (Chateau)
Rate 0.188 to 0.38 lb ai/a (6 to 12 oz/a Chateau). Refer to organic matter, soil types, and rates listed on label for various broadleaf weeds.
Time Pre- or postemergence (weeds up to 2 inches tall). Preferred time is fall, to maximize the potential for rain to activate and set the herbicide. Tank mix with approved herbicides if weeds are large, or if weedy vegetation will keep Chateau from reaching the soil surface.
Remarks Residual or postemergence weed control can be achieved by adjusting rates or using labeled tank-mixes. Use a surfactant to improve postemergence control of small weeds. If grapes are nondormant, only apply before budbreak, and after final harvest, unless using shielded application equipment.
Caution Do not apply during the period after budbreak through final harvest, unless using shielded application equipment and applicator can ensure spray drift will not come in contact with crop fruit or foliage. Do not apply to vines established less than 2 years, unless they are trellised at least 3 ft from the ground, and protected by nonporous wraps, grow tubes, or waxed containers. Do not apply within 300 yards of bearing pears. Do not mow treated area after final harvest. Preharvest interval is 60 days.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family Diphenylether
oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XLand Goal Tender)
Rate 1.25 to 1.5 lb ai/a (5 to 6 pints/a Goal 2XL or generic equivalent) for preemergence control in dormant grapes; as low as 1 to 2 pints/a for early postemergence control of susceptible species in nondormant grapes (0.5 to 3 pints/a Goal Tender)
Time Apply after harvest, but before bud-swell in spring.
Remarks Direct the spray toward the base of vines in late winter or spring, avoiding direct plant contact. Controls broadleaf weeds pre- and postemergence, depending on time and rate of application and weed species. Can be tank mixed with glufosinate (Rely) or paraquat (Gramoxone) or other preemergence herbicides such as napropamide (Devrinol), diuron (Karmex), or pronamide (Kerb) to improve residual weed control. Acts on contact, either directly on broadleaf weeds, or at soil surface as weeds emerge.
Caution Do not apply when fruit is present.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family Diphenylether
rimsulfuron (Matrix FNV)
Rate 0.063 lb ai/a (4 oz/a Matrix FNV per year)
Time Applied before or shortly after weed emergence.
Remarks Apply uniformly to the vineyard floor, or as a directed application at the base of the vine. Crops must be established 1 year before application. Results are best if soil is moist at time of application and receives 0.5 inch of rain or irrigation within 2 weeks after application. Do not disturb the soil after application, because weed control will be compromised. Two applications separated by 30 days are allowed if applied in bands that cover half of the vineyard. Controls puncturevine, quackgrass, mallow, and common dandelion from seed; suppression of yellow nutsedge; partial control of Canada thistle if plants are small. Preharvest interval is 14 days.
Caution Avoid spray contact with foliage or fruit (except undesirable suckers), and drift onto adjacent crops. Clean spraytank carefully. Minimize contact with fruit or foliage.
Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family Sulfonylurea
sulfentrazone (generic)
Rate 0.25 to 0.375 lb ai/a (8 to 12 oz/a)
Time Apply as a dormant application in the fall through bloom, or after bloom with a shielded sprayer.
Remarks Zeus XC, or generic equivalent, should be applied as a uniform broadcast soil application to vineyard floors and furrows or as a uniform band directed at the base of the vines. Precipitation of at least 0.5 inches is required for activation and residual control. For enhanced burndown of emerged weeds, carfentrazone, glufosinate, and glyphosate can be added. May be tank mixed with other labeled herbicides to broaden weed spectrum. Apply to grapes that have been established for a minimum of 3 years. If applied after bloom, a shielded sprayer must be used. See label for plantback restrictions if removing vineyard or replanting.
Caution Do not apply to frozen soils. Do not apply more than 0.375 lb of sulfentrazone per 12-month period. The 12-month period begins with the initial application. Avoid direct and indirect contact with green foliage or bark. Wrap in nonporous wrap to keep spray solution off of green tissue. Preharvest interval is 3 days.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family Triazinone