Wild oats, Italian ryegrass, and other grass weeds

clodinafop (Discover NG or NextStep NG)

Rate 0.05 to 0.0625 lb ai/A (12.8 to 16 oz/A)

Time Apply to wheat from two-leaf stage to pre-boot stage. Apply to wild oat in the one- to six-leaf stage. Apply to Italian ryegrass at the one- to five-leaf stage.

Remarks Wild oat will be controlled up to the emergence of the fourth tiller. A non-phytotoxic methylated seed oil (MSO) may be added at 0.25% v/v to enhance weed control under low-moisture or high-temperature stress or when spray volumes exceed 10 gal/A. Rainfast 30 minutes after application. REI 12 hr.

Caution Avoid drift to crop oats and corn. Do not graze livestock or feed forage from treated area for a minimum of 30 days after application. Do not harvest grain for 60 days after application. Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Do not apply during periods of stress to either the weeds or crop (e.g., frost, low fertility, drought, flooding, etc.). Make only one application per crop season. Do not apply to winter wheat in fall.

Site of action Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor

Chemical family Aryloxyphenoxy propionate

fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Double Check, Parity, Tacoma)

Rate 0.04 to 0.0825 lb ai/A (5.3 to 10.6 fl oz/A)

Time Apply to wheat from emergence up to 70 days prior to harvest. Apply to young, vigorously growing grass weeds when they are in the one-leaf (fully expanded) to advanced tillering stage. Windgrass will be controlled from emergence to 3 in tall.

Remarks Use 5.3 fl oz/A for green foxtail, 6.4 fl oz/A for yellow foxtail and wild proso millet, and 10.6 fl oz/A for barnyardgrass, blackgrass, windgrass, green foxtail, and wild oat control. Low soil moisture, low humidity, and temperatures above 85°F several days prior, during or following application may reduce foxtail and wild oat control. Low soil moisture, low humidity, and high temperatures before herbicide application might slightly reduce wild oat control. Under cool, wet conditions, further crop safety can be obtained by tank mixing MCPA ester at recommended rates. In dense weed populations, a 15 to 20 gal/A spray volume is required for best control. REI 24 hr.

Caution Always check the tank-mix partner label to determine if the addition of a surfactant is required. Do not tank mix with dicamba or 2,4-D; see label for herbicides approved for tank mixing. Do not apply if conditions might move spray from target area. Do not apply within 70 days of harvesting wheat. Do not apply through any irrigation system. Rain or sprinkler irrigation within 1 hr after application may reduce wild oat control. Do not mix with malathion insecticides as wild oat control will be reduced. Application beyond the 6-leaf stage may result in injury.

Site of action Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor

Chemical family Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate

flucarbazone (Pre-Pare, Everest 3.0, Everest 3.0 AG, Ozone 3.0)

Rate 0.007 to 0.013 lb ai/A (0.15 to 0.3 oz/A Pre-Pare) and/or 0.027 lb ai/A (2.0 fl oz/A Ozone or Everest)

Time Pre-Pare may be tank mixed with glyphosate to improve burndown control of many grass and broadleaf weed species, and to provide soil residual weed control prior to planting spring wheat. Apply flucarbazone postemergence to actively growing wild oats and Italian ryegrass that have one leaf to two tillers, and when spring wheat is between one-leaf and 60 days prior to harvest for Everest 3.0. An application of Pre-Pare may be followed by an in-crop application of Everest 3.0 applied at the lower use rates.

Remarks Use flucarbazone with a nonionic surfactant (NIS) (0.25%) (1 quart/100 gal spray solution) in a spray volume of 5 to 10 gal/A. Including a liquid nitrogen or ammonium sulfate fertilizer is also recommended on the labels. See Pre-Pare and Everest 3.0 labels for further directions related to using these products in conjunction with one another. Do not apply if rain is expected within 1 hour after application. REI 12 hr.

Caution Do not apply Everest 3.0 more than once per season; follow tank-mixing instructions carefully. Do not allow chemical to drift to other crops. Weed control may be reduced and spring wheat injury increased, when applied during temperature extremes or when soil is saturated. Do not exceed a total of 0.027 lb ai/A of flucarbazone using the combined products per growing season. Do not harvest grain for 60 days after application. Do not apply Pre-Pare to "Choteau" spring wheat. For Idaho, Everest 3.0 use is only permitted in Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties. Consult all labels for crop rotation restrictions. Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Check label for certain counties in Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming that have specific protocol for endangered species protection.

Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor

Chemical family Sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone

pinoxaden (Axial XL)

Rate 0.053 lb ai/A (16.4 fl oz/A Axial XL 0.42EC)

Time Apply to spring wheat from the 2-leaf to pre-boot stage. Apply to wild oat from one- to six-leaf stage on the main stem but before the fourth tiller emerges. Apply to green foxtail Italian ryegrass, barnyardgrass, wild-proso millet and windgrass from one- to five-leaf stage on the main stem but before third tiller emerges.

Remarks Use 5 to 10 gal/A water in ground applications. Application volumes greater than 10 gal/A may reduce grass control. Use at least 5 gal/A water in aerial applications. Surfactant is not required with Axial XL formulation. Axial XL is rainfast 30 minutes after application. REI 48 hr.

Caution Do not apply through any type of irrigation system. Do not apply to a crop stressed by conditions such as frost, low fertility, drought, flooding, disease, or insect damage, because crop may be injured. Do not harvest grain or feed treated spring wheat straw for 60 days after application. Do not make more than one application per growing season. Do not treat wheat underseeded with legumes.

Site of action Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor

Chemical family Phenylpyrazolin

pinoxaden + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Axial Bold)

Rate 0.054 lb ai /A pinoxaden + 0.027 lb ai/A fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (15 fl oz/A Axial Bold)

Time Apply from emergence to pre-boot stage.

Remarks For ground application, apply the spray mixture in a volume of 5-10 gal/A. Use 10 gal/A under dry conditions or dense weed populations. Avoid volumes greater than 10 gal/A, as reduced grass control may occur. See label for rotational crop restrictions. REI 48 hr.

Caution Do not make more than one application. Do not apply more than 15 fl oz/A in a single application. Do not apply more than 15 fl oz/A per year. Do not make more than one application per growing season. Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Do not apply to a crop that is stressed by conditions such as frost, low fertility, drought, flooding, disease damage, or insect damage or crop injury may result. Do not harvest grain or feed treated spring wheat straw for 70 days following application. After harvest of an Axial Bold herbicide-treated crop, planting a cover crop is allowed, provided the cover crop is not grazed or fed to livestock nor harvested for food.

Site of action (both) Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor.

Chemical family (pinoxaden) Phenylpyrazolin; (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate

pinoxaden + fluroxypyr (Axial Star)

Rate 0.147 lb ae/A (16.4 fl oz/A Axial Star 1.15EC)

Time Apply from the 2-leaf to pre-boot stage.

Remarks Apply to actively growing weeds from 1 to 6 leaf on main stem depending on the weed. Axial Star may be tank mixed with several different broadleaf herbicides. Refer to the Axial Star label for the recommended list of broadleaf herbicides. Axial Star is rainfast 1 hr after application. REI 48 hr.

Caution Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Do not apply to a crop that is stressed by conditions such as frost, low fertility, drought, flooding, disease damage, or insect damage or crop injury may result. Do not harvest grain or feed treated spring wheat straw for 60 days following application. Do not make more than one application per growing season. Do not graze livestock or harvest forage for hay from treated barley for 30 days after application.

Site of action (pinoxaden) Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor; (fluroxypyr) Group 4: Synthetic auxin

Chemical family (pinoxaden) Phenylpyrazolin; (fluroxypyr) Pyridine

pinoxaden + fluroxypyr + halauxifen (Rezuvant)

Rate 0.0535 lb ai/A pinoxaden, 0.1115 ae/A fluroxypyr, and 0.0045 haluaxifen ae/A (16.4 oz/A Rezuvant)

Time Apply from the two-leaf crop growth stage up to flag leaf emergence (Zakoks scale 39)

Remarks For best results apply when susceptible broadleaf weed seedlings are actively growing and less than 4 inches tall. Only weeds emerged at the time of treatment will be controlled.

Caution Active ingredients may be present in plant materials for over 30 days or more after application. Do not compost plant material from treated area. Do not use manure from animals that have grazed or consumed forage form treated areas for compost, mulch, or mushroom spawn until 30 days after application.

Site of action (pinoxaden) Group 1; acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor; (fluroxypyr and halauxifen) Group 4: Synthetic auxin

Chemical family (pinoxaden) Phenylpyrazolin; (fluroxypyr) Pyridine; (halauxifen) Arylpicolinate

propoxycarbazone-sodium (Olympus)

Rate 0.026 to 0.039 lb ai/A (0.6 to 0.9 oz/A Olympus 70 WDG) in a single application.

Time Apply to wheat from 2-leaf to before jointing begins. Apply to actively growing broadleaf weeds and grass weeds in the 2-leaf to 2-tiller growth stage.

Remarks Injury may occur when applied to wheat planted in soils with a pH greater than 8.0 or less than 5.0. Include a nonionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% to 0.5% v/v (1 to 2 quarts/100 gal spray solution). The most consistent control is obtained with ground application. For wild oat control apply after emergence, but before wild oat reaches the 2-tiller growth stage. Rainfast within 4 hr. REI 12 hr.

Caution Do not use with organosilicone-based surfactants. Do not harvest wheat within 71 days of application. Do not allow Olympus to drift off target. Do not exceed 0.9 oz/A Olympus per crop year.

Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor

Chemical family Sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone

pyroxsulam (TeamMate)

Rate 0.0133 lbs ai/A pyroxsulam (1.0 oz/A TeamMate)

Time Apply to actively growing wheat from the three-leaf to jointing stage. Treat after most weeds are at the 2 leaf/2-tiller growth stage.

Remarks Apply with a nonionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% to 0.50% v/v (1 to 2 quarts/100 gal spray solution) and ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 1.5 lb/A. Symptoms of control may not be noticeable for 1 to 2 weeks after application. Warm, moist growing conditions promote active weed growth and enhance activity of TeamMate. Weeds hardened off by cold weather or drought may not be adequately controlled or suppressed, and may re-grow. Liquid fertilizer application 7 days before or after application may result in transient leaf burn or stunting. Rainfast 4 hr after application. REI 12 hr.

Caution Do not apply more than 1.0 oz/A per growing season. Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest.

Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor

Chemical family Triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide

sulfosulfuron (Outrider)

Rate 0.031 lb ai/A (0.67 oz/A Outrider) + 0.5% nonionic surfactant (NIS)

Time Apply to spring wheat in a single postemergence application when wild oat is in the one- to four-leaf stage and actively growing. May be applied after wheat emerges but before jointing.

Remarks Use a NIS at a concentration of 0.5 % v/v (2 quarts/100 gal spray solution). See label for tank-mix partners. Rainfast within 2 hr. REI 12 hr.

Caution No crop other than wheat may be planted sooner than 3 months after application. Do not use NIS or any other additives that alter the pH of the spray solution below pH 5. Do not apply this product through any irrigation system. Do not harvest wheat for hay within 30 days of application. Do not harvest wheat for grain within 55 days of application.

Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor

Chemical family Sulfonylurea

triallate (Far-Go or Avadex MA)

Rate 1.0 b ai/A (1.0 quart/A Far-Go 4EC or 10 lb/A Avadex MA 10G)

Time Apply before or after seeding, but before weeds germinate.

Remarks For proper incorporation, set incorporation implement to work the soil no deeper than 3 to 4 inches. Incorporation should be performed immediately after application. See Avadex MicroActiv label for more specific incorporation instructions. Do not use disk implements for incorporation. If applied post-planting, cultivate with a flex multiweeder or harrow, and follow with a second incorporation at right angles, adjusting incorporation depth so seeds are not disturbed. Do not graze treated areas. Do not apply on wheat underseeded to legumes. Some stand thinning may occur on clay knobs or where wheat is dusted in, due to dry weather. REI 12 hr.

Caution Application to a field that is wet, lumpy, rough, or ridged will result in reduced wild oat control and promote crop thinning. Only one application per growing season and must not exceed 1.5 quarts/A of Far-Go or 15 lb/A of Avadex.

Site of action Group 8: lipid synthesis inhibitor but not an ACCase inhibitor

Chemical family Thiocarbamate