the noncellular outer layer of an insect or a nematode; water-repellent, waxy layer of epidermal cells of plant parts, such as leaves, stems, and fruit.
a serological test in which the sensitivity of the reaction is increased by attaching an enzyme that produces a colored product to one of the reactants.
Plants in a given population that remain free of disease where it is prevalent, although they possess no natural inherent resistance to the disease. (See Klendusity).
A substance (usually liquid) formed inside a plant and discharged from diseased or injured tissue. The presence of an exudate often aids in diagnosis (e.g., fire blight bacteria).
The loss of turgor and the drooping of plant parts, usually following a water deficit. The death of a branch in a tree where the leaves remain attached. In either case, the diseased portion stands out like a flag.