See:
Grape (Vitis spp.) - Black Foot Disease
Grape (Vitis spp.) - Botryosphaeria Dieback
Grape (Vitis spp.) - Esca, Young Esca, and Petri Disease
Cause Young vine decline (YVD) results in the decline and death of grapevines within 5 years after planting. The YVD complex is made up of black foot disease, Botryosphaeria dieback and/or Petri disease, each of which is caused by several different fungi. Fungi responsible for Botryosphaeria dieback and Petri disease can infect grapevines through pruning wounds, while fungi responsible for black foot disease are soilborne and infect grapes via the roots or basal end of the rootstock or self-rooted cultivar. Infection can occur in nursery mother blocks and/or at several stages in the nursery propagation process, but the final plant material may remain asymptomatic.
References Hrycan, J., Theilmann, J., Mahovlic, A., Boulé, J. and Úrbez-Torres, J. R. 2023. Health status of ready-to-plant grapevine nursery material in Canada regarding young vine decline fungi. Plant Disease, 107:3708-3717.