carfentrazone (Aim EC)
Rate Up to 0.031 lb ai/A (2 fl oz/A Aim EC)
Time As a burndown treatment no later than one (1) day before transplanting, or after transplanting between rows with hooded or shielded sprayers.
Remarks Apply to actively growing weeds not more than 4 inches tall, or rosettes 3 inches in diameter. Coverage is essential for good control. Requires nonionic surfactant, crop oil, or methylated seed oil for best efficacy. A high quality sprayable liquid nitrogen fertilizer is allowed and will improve efficacy. No preharvest interval.
Caution Will burn crop if contacted. Do not exceed 0.093 lb ai/A (6.1 fl oz/A Aim EC) per crop season. Do not exceed 5 mph when spraying between rows.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family Triazinone
clethodim (Select Max)
Rate 0.068 to 0.12 lb ai/A (9 to 16 fl oz/A) depending on growth stage of grass; 12 to 16 oz/A for perennial grasses
Time Usually before weeds are 4 to 8 in tall, but depends on grass species present. Apply to actively growing grasses that are not stressed by drought.
Remarks Annual and perennial grass control. PHI 5 days. Add nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v. Apply no more than 16 fl oz/A in a single application and no more than 64 fl oz/A (0.49 lb ai/A) per season. Make repeat applications with at least a 14-day interval.
Caution Do not tank mix with nitrogen fertilizers
Site of action Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor
Chemical family Cyclohexanedione
diquat (Dessicash AG)
Non-fruiting only
Rate 1.5 to 2 pints/A (0.38 to 0.5 lb cation/A).
Time Site prep before planting and up to one year of harvest (365 day PHI).
Remarks Rainfast 30 minutes after application. Cool, cloudy weather slows activity but will not affect performance. Do not allow spray to contact leaves or stems as injury can occur. Use shields to protect plants. Do not graze treated areas.
Caution A moderately toxic herbicide that requires protective gear for handling and application. Follow all use restrictions and precautions on label.
Site of action Group 22: photosystem I electron diversion
Chemical family Bipyridilium
diuron (Karmex 80DF)
Rate 1.6 to 3.2 lb ai/A (2 to 4 lb/A)
Time Apply to established plants in late fall or early winter, after last cultivation and before weed seedlings emerge.
Remarks Direct spray to cover area between rows and around the base of artichoke plants. Avoid spray contact with plants. Make a single application per year.
Caution Crop injury may result if soil organic matter is <1%.
Site of action Group 7: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family Substituted urea
flumioxazin (Chateau SW)
Rate 0.125 lb ai/A (4 oz/A product) depending on whether annual or perennial artichokes
Time Annual varieties: apply to artichoke beds no later than 2 days prior to transplanting. Irrigation or rainfall after transplanting is necessary to activate after transplanting, but do not irrigate before transplanting.
Perennial varieties: applied to artichokes after cut back of mature plants. Make applications within 2 days after cut back and prior to artichoke reemergence. Application after the artichokes have begun to crack, or are emerged, will result in crop injury. Application should not be made when artichokes have begun to emerge (cracking).
Remarks Minimize soil movement during transplanting to maximize weed control.
Caution Do not apply more than 6 oz/A during a single growing season. Application to artichoke foliage may result in unacceptable crop injury.
Site of action Group 14: inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase
Chemical family N-phenylphthalimide
halosulfuron-methyl (Sandea)
Rate 0.047 to 0.094 lb ai/A (1 to 2 oz/A)
Time Apply when nutsedge has 3 to 5 leaves.
Remarks Apply between the rows of perennial artichokes as a directed spray to avoid contact with foliage. If plastic is used on the planted row, adjust equipment to keep the application off the plastic. Due to the risk of crop damage, all such use is at the end user/grower’s risk.
Caution Application of Sandea may cause significant, temporary stunting and delay maturity of artichokes if sprayed directly onto the crop. Do not apply more than 2 applications or 2 oz/A of product by weight per 12-month period.
Site of action Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family Sulfonylurea
oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL and Goal Tender)
Rate 1 to 1.5 lb ai/A (4 to 6 pints/A 2XL; 2 to 3 pints/A Tender)
Time Apply as a directed treatment or during midsummer dormant and renovation period, either preemergence or early postemergence, as a single treatment or in split applications 8 to 10 weeks apart.
Remarks Acts as a contact herbicide, either directly on broadleaf weeds or at soil surface as weeds emerge.
Caution Do not exceed 6 pints/A per year. Preharvest interval is 5 days.
Site of action Group 14: inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase
Chemical family Diphenylether
paraquat (Gramoxone SL 2.0, 3.0, and others)
Rate 0.625 to 1.0 lb ai/A (2.5 to 4 pints/A Gramoxone; 1.7 to 2.7 pints/A Gramoxone 3.0)
Time Directed spray to plants large enough to avoid injury.
Remarks Maximum 3 applications and 8 pints/A per season. 7 days between applications. Preharvest interval is 24 hr.
Caution Restricted use pesticide due to acute toxicity. For retail sale to and use only by certified applicators – not to be used by uncertified persons working under the supervision of a certified applicator.
Site of action Group 22: photosystem I electron diversion
Chemical family Bipyridilium
pendimethalin (Prowl H2O, Satellite Hydrocap)
Rate Up to 8.2 pints/A (3.9 lb ai/A) as a broadcast spray
Time Pre-transplant to artichoke, 1 to 2 days before transplanting.
Remarks Preharvest interval is 60 days for 3 pint/A rate and 200 days for rates greater than 3.0 pints/A.
Caution Do not apply over the top of, or onto foliage of artichokes because crop injury may occur. Do not apply more than 8.2 pints/A Prowl per season.
Site of action Group 3: microtubule assembly inhibitor
Chemical family Dinitroaniline
sethoxydim (Poast)
Rate 0.47 lb ai/A (2.5 pints/A)
Time Apply to actively growing grasses. Always add crop oil concentrate.
Remarks May be applied by air. Feeding restriction.
Caution Do not exceed 5 pints/A per year. Preharvest interval is 7 days.
Site of action Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor
Chemical family Cyclohexanedione